Network security fundamentals, security threats, and issues Case Study

Network security fundamentals, security threats, and issues - Case Study Example In addition, data and information (in the form of communication) are often distributed all the way through the network as apparent text (for instance it is not twisted or encrypted). Additionally, using the Internet it is also simple to imitate someone else as they are online. On the other hand, there is at the moment a great deal of suspicion on the subject of internet security, however an excellent information is that we have a wide variety of tools and technologies accessible which can ensure the maximum security of our network against illegal interruption (McConnell, 2004). Normally, the use of a firewall is associated with the Internet. In fact, with the growing popularity of the Internet, the term â€Å"firewall† is a great deal more frequently employed in computer networks. Similar to the firewalls that are used in buildings and homes, computer firewalls take steps as a fence between computers on a network. A firewall is critical for the companies that use a computer ne twork or for individuals with a stable connection to the internet (for instance through cable or DSL). In addition, in the absence of a firewall, any unauthorized person on the network would possibly be able to access, wipe out, and move around to the files or data and information stored in our computer. ... Certainly, in some cases firewalls also block the required transmission, and throughout a frequent practice of alteration, the filters can be tailored to enhance their effectiveness (Wynn, 2012) Moreover, a firewall encompasses a wide variety of associated applications and tools, installed at a network gateway server, which ensures the security of the resources (data, information, and other resources) of a private network from outside users or people from other networks. Additionally, the network firewalls also refer to the security policies that are utilized with the applications and programs. In addition, a business organization having an intranet that facilitates its staff members to get access to the extensive Internet usage makes use of a firewall to stop unauthorized people from getting access to its own confidential data and information resources as well as for keeping an eye on what other resources its own users are able to access. In this scenario, a firewall works directly with a router program, which determines the characteristics of each network packet to decide whether it should be allowed to move toward its target or not. Additionally, a firewall also encompasses or can be installed on a proxy server that formulates network requests in support of terminal users. In some cases, a firewall is installed in a specifically selected computer that is other than the remaining network with the intention that no received requests or queries can reach openly at confidential network resources (Rouse, 2007). At the present, organizations are able to choose from a wide variety of firewall solutions. In fact, there are numerous firewall transmission techniques and tools. In this scenario, one well-known technique is to

A seminar on “Beginning For Beginnger” Essay Example for Free

A seminar on â€Å"Beginning For Beginnger† Essay A seminar on â€Å"Beginning For Beginnger† was held at DKU at Faculty of Business Managemnet. This seminar was held on 9 June 2012-06-24. This seminar was begin on 2.00Pm 5PM. It was jointly organised by all part three student who take Mgt538 in this semester. The purpose of the Seminar was to talk about lessons and challenges in facing currunt enviroment on studies and future working enviroment. It focused mainly on the attitutes, styles and action that should be take to faced all the situation. All part three students whose take this subject are compulsory to attented this seminar. The Programme is given at DKU that situated in Faculty of Business Management. The seminar was given by Cik Noor Syuhada,caunsellor Uitm Seri Iskandar Perak. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The seminar was structured in a way that helped participants to walk through the issues, starting from the relevance of the organisational context, along the issues that have to be addressed, the intended or assumed and finally to the actual implementation. The objectives of the seminar were to provide insight in the issues, to identify the mistake ,and to discuss the possible approaches for formulating and implementing tools that can be take. In order to encourage discussion and a more focussed exchange of information practical sessions were scheduled .During these sessions participants could ask some questions and share thoughts with each other and the speakers. THE POSITIVE IMPACTS The seminar participants agreed that : 1. This programs will help them to improve their knowledge on facing their future enviroment especially during their working enviroment. 2. Many participants were given a chance to ask any questions and they also were give a chance to share some idea or tips that will give benefits to all participants. 3. It is important that all parties to attends,it will give a common understanding about what these and other key terms mean. 4. The seminar have give them a lot of tips on attending interviews and facing interviews session that will improve their confident to facing that. THE NEGATIVE IMPACTS The side impacts that can be conclude from the seminar : 1. Some participants not focus during the seminar. 2. They playing games on their mobile phone, chatting, talking and etc. 3. Not all students have confidents to ask questions even they have intention to do so. 4. Sessions for students to discuss among themselves was not held. RECOMMENDATIONS : Some recommendations that can be take are : 1. Small group discussion can be do in oreder to give participants share or discuss among themselves about the issues on the seminar. 2. Students should be ask to switch off their phone during the seminar. 3. Try to encourage students to build up their confident to share, ask or gine opinion during the seminar. CONCLUSIONS : The feedback of the participants confirmed that the seminar was very much appreciated as well as that there is a pressing need for more practical approaches and for other opportunities to discuss the many issues. The speakers came also from different backgrounds and presented the audience with different practical experiences, insights, and views, both at an organisational and national level. It gave a good impression and understanding of the many perspectives. The seminar have improve knowlegde among participant and will benefits to them in facing their future working enviroments.

Vision and Blindsight Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Vision and Blindsight Implications Regarding Consciousness Vision-- receiving and interpreting light signals from the environment in order to form an image in one's mind-- is an incredibly complex process. Somehow signals from photoreceptors located in the eye are converted into the conscious experience of sight. Of all the aspects of vision, perhaps the most difficult for us to comprehend scientifically is this notion of consciousness. Somehow the brain interprets light waves hitting the retina so that we are visually aware of our surroundings. While the mechanism of signal transduction from the photoreceptor through the visual cortex has been extensively elucidated, science has difficulty dealing with the phenomena of consciousness and awareness, especially on a reductionist level. A recent neurobiological approach to understanding consciousness, at least on a perceptual level, has involved the study of the phenomenon of blindsight. Damage to areas of the visual cortex often result in complete or partial blindness. Although the eye itself is undamaged, patients report an inability to detect any light input in part of (or the entire) visual field. However, experiments regularly show that somehow, visual cues are processed. Visual inputs presented to the blind field affect the patient's response to stimulus in the normal visual field. Reaction times to stimuli are affected as well as the interpretation of the stimuli. A visual cues presented in the blind field may suggest a certain interpretation of an ambiguous stimuli. For example, the interpretation of the word "bank", presented as an auditory cue, differs depending on whether the word "river" or "money" is presented to the blind field, even though the patient does not... ...Linked%20Pages/Physiol/Cortex.html 3) Visual Processing Streams http://mitpress.mit.edu/MITECS/work/goodale_r.html 4) Consciousness, Neurobiology of http://mitpress.mit.edu/MITECS/work/koch_r.html 5) Pattern of neuronal activity associated with conscious and unconscious processing of visual signals, Sahraie, et al. http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/94/17/9406?terms=consciousness&searchqstr=tyear:1997!fyear:1996!fmonth:Nov!tmonth:Nov!tdatedef:11+November+1997!fdatedef:12+November+1996!hits:10!fulltext:consciousness!sendit:Search 6) The Problem of Consciousness Crick and Koch http://www.unomaha.edu/~spaige/crick-ko.htm#blindsight 7) Co nsciousness http://www.duke.edu/~kellogg/Classes/Mentation/Issue%201/Marchiano.htm 8) On a Confusion About a Function of Consciousness. Block, Ned ftp://ftp.princeton.edu/pub/harnad/BBS/.WWW/bbs.block.html

Ministers of Irish Education Essay

1. Since the foundation of the Irish Free State (1922) to the present day there have been 37 different ministers for education. Identify at least 4 of those ministers for education which you consider most significant. Critically evaluate the contribution they played in reforming the Irish Education Landscape. (50Marks) Today I will looked at 4 Irish Ministers of Education; John O’Sulllivan, Thomas Derrig, Donagh O’Malley and Ruairi Quinn and portray how I believe they contributed (and are contributing) hugely to the reform the Irish Education Landscape: 1. John M. O’Sullivan (Jan. 1926 – Mar. 1932) O’Sullivan was appointed to the Cabinet in 1926, serving under W. T. Cosgrave as Minister for Education. In 1926 a report from the Second National Programme Conference was presented to him as the Minister for Education. He accepted all proposals stated in the report to be recommended as a national curriculum. In 1926, he made Irish obligatory for registration as a Secondary School teacher & for ‘recognised’ (funded) schools. In 1926 under O’Sullivan, the School Attendance Act came into existence. It made it obligatory for all children between the age of 6 and 14 would attend school. O’Sullivan is also responsible for: Establishing the Commission on Technical Education in 1927 Setting up the Preparatory Colleges to train primary teachers in 1927 Introducing the Primary Certificate in 1929 As it became clear that many could not access suitable second level education discussions began on creating a continuation course to provide general education in a vocational style. The Vocational Education Act, 1930 was implemented by O’Sullivan. It reformed the technical education branch of the Department of Education and local Technical Education Boards. It introduced vocational schools, a new type of school with a greater emphasis on trade and commerce in courses. These courses were broken into continuation courses and traditional technical education courses. There were those who considered the system revolutionary and there were warnings of danger to faith and morals which could arise in the new multi denominational and co-educational schools to be provided. This was the state’s first attempt to take an active hand in establishing schools outside the power of the Roman Catholic Church. The Vocational Education Act was thee major ministerial achievement of the Minister. The act provided an avenue for a new approach to post primary education and to the introduction of the concept of education as a lifelong process. Here then was a new system which set out to educate through the medium of subjects themselves directly related to the world of work. It was not easily accepted. Education was regarded as the pursuit of abstract learning and the status of the educated person was almost in direct ratio to his/her inability to work with his/her hands. Even in today’s society, there is a still some stigmatism attached to attending a VEC school. However in reality such schools contribute so much to today’s society and as such Today we have 213 VEC second level schools and many further education, youthreach, traveller and prison education centres – a testament to O’Sullivan’s rein. 2. Thomas Derrig (Mar. 1932 – Sep. 1939) At the June 1927 general election he was elected to Dail Eireann as a Fianna Fail TD for Carlow–Kilkenny. In Eamon de Valera’s first government in 1932 Derrig was appointed Minister for Education. Derrig has been influential in cultivating of our education system – but not in a positive way: Derrig initiated a review of industrial and reformatory schools and the rules under the Children Act 1908, resulting in the critical 1936 Cussen Report, which he shelved. His lack of action was noted in 2009 when the Ryan Report examined the subsequent management of these â€Å"residential institutions†; Derrig was the first minister to seek a report that could have resulted in much-needed reforms. A call for public inquiry into industrial schools was rejected by Minister of Education. Thomas Derrig because â€Å"it would serve no useful purpose†. It has been suggested that he did not want to follow British law reforms in the 1920s and 1930s because of his strong anti-British views, and that Irish children had suffered needlessly as a result. Under Derrig’s rein, he not only effect teacher salaries, but also banned married female teachers from working. According to Diarmaid Ferriter (2004) in his book The Transformation of Ireland 1900 – 2000, the marriage ban imposed on female primary teachers from 1934 to 1958 seemed to attract little public comment, despite the fact that many untrained single teachers were replacing trained married female teachers. The INTO was not vocal in objecting on the basis of gender equality, and whatever opposition existed in the union was overshadowed by its campaigns on wage levels. This was a sign of the times in my opinion, where women had very little power or voice. It is probably only in the past few decades that this move to ban female teachers has really been viewed as scandalous and backwards. While the rest of Europe moved forward with education reform after World War Two, Derrig resisted such reviews. Derrig’s narrow mindedness cost us – academically and for so many young innocent children –physically and emotionally. 3. Donogh O’Malley (July 1966 – Mar. 1968) Following Fianna Fail’s return to government following the 1965 general election O’Malley joined the cabinet as Minister for Health. He spent just over one year in this position before he was appointed Minister for Education, a position where he will be forever remembered for his dynamism as a minister. Having succeeded another dynamic young minister, Patrick Hillary, O’Malley acted swiftly to introduce the recommendations that were made in an official report regarding education. Shortly after he was appointed he announced that from 1969 all schools up to Intermediate Certificate level would be free and that free buses would bring students from rural area to the nearest school. O’Malley seems to have made this decision himself without consulting other ministers, however, he did discuss it with Lemass. Jack Lynch, who as Minister for Finance had to find the money to pay for it, was certainly not consulted and was dismayed at the announcement. In spite of this O’Malley’s proposals were hugely popular with the public and it was impossible for the government to go back on its word. As minister O’Malley also extended the school transport scheme and commissioned the building of new non-denominational comprehensive and community schools in areas where they were lacking. He also introduced Regional Technical Colleges (RTCs), now called Institutes of Technology, in areas where there was no third level college in proximity. The best example of this successful policy is Limerick, now a university, where O’Malley is credited with taking the steps to ensure the university came into existence. His plan to merge Trinity College, Dublin and University College Dublin aroused huge controversy and was not successful, despite being supported by his cabinet colleague Brian Lenihan. Access to third level education was also extended as the old scholarship system was replaced by a system of means-tested grants which gave easier access to less well-off students. Because of O’Malley, the working class and middle class of Ireland are far better. Four decades on from the 1960s and we have a 4 fold increase in retention rates, with 82% retention of students to Leaving Cert. However I argue the validity of the grants system that he hoped put in place. As Niamh Bhreathnach commented in the Irish Independent in September 2002, O’Malley would be turning in his grave if he knew how the grants system was been exploited at that time. As the students of Ireland fight to hold onto the grants system as we know it, I personally feel it’s a pity that O’Malley didn’t introduce a student loan system like England’s system. It certainly would cost the Irish Taxpayer less. 4. Ruairi Quinn (2011 – Present) Whilst still in office, I believe that R. Quinn has and will continue to significantly contribute in the reforming the Irish Education Landscape. Within one year, Ruairi Quinn has shown how an energetic Minister can drive the education agenda and push for change. In April 2012 the report on The Forum on Patronage and Pluralism was published. In the Primary Sector, The fact that 96% of primary schools in Ireland are under denominational patronage is unique among developed countries. The group has advised that the first phase in divesting schools should involve 258 schools in 18 dioceses across 47 areas. How the Minister will carry out this task remains to be seen. However he is determined to carry this out and I believe as such it will be one of the most significant changes in our educational landscape since O’Malley’s introduction of free schooling. The 8 subject Junior Certificate currently being introduced by Quinn will change the landscape of learning for our students. I hope that with this introduction, I can as a teacher continue to use active learning activities in the classroom and concentrate on lifelong learning rather than the system of rote learning that exists at the minute. The minister also announced in May 2012 that Chinese will become a subject in the Leaving Certificate and he also announced an optional short course on Chinese language and culture which will be made available as part of the new Junior Cert cycle programme from 2014. As Quinn’s ministry continues to push on with the ideology of a 2 year teaching course, I am glad I am completing this course in 2012 and not in 2014. While I understand the ideology of this move, I do not believe it will improve teaching standards in Ireland. I believe that scholar students (regardless of their vocation) will look at the time it takes to become a teacher and the monetary rewards of it (which unfortunately is on the decrease) and the fact they could have for instance a medical degree in the same amount of time with brighter economic aspirations. It is my sincere hope that such visions do not come through. Today I have looked at 4 Irish Ministers of Education; John O’Sulllivan, Thomas Derrig, Donagh O’Malley and Ruairi Quinn and I truly believe they contributed (and are contributing) hugely to the reform the Irish Education Landscape.

The Function of Law

The Function and Role of Law Jeremy Harrell LAW 421/ Contemporary Business Law Denver Snuffer The Function and Role of Law in Business and Society Law is something that affects everyone wherever they live. If you are involved in a business, law is definitely something that will affect you in more ways than one. Lack of knowledge of the society you live in and how laws will govern you can affect you and your business in the way you operate. Law Defined and its Effect on SocietyAccording to Wikipedia, â€Å"Commercial law, also known as business law, is the body of law that applies to the rights, relations, and conduct of persons and businesses engaged in commerce, merchandising, trade, and sales. It is often considered to be a branch of civil law and deals with issues of both private law and public law. † Not only can law have an effect on society and business, but business and society can in return have an impact on law. The influence of a business on society can affect change s to laws which govern how they operate.This influence can be through recommending changes that will help their business, or help protect them from a society that has become a â€Å"sue happy† society in order to make money in an unstable economy, in my opinion. Interesting Events Some of the interesting law suits that I am referring to in my claim that our society is a â€Å"sew happy† society is quite intriguing. I worked for a McDonald’s restaurant in Twin Falls, Idaho in 1994. One lawsuit that occurred with a McDonald’s in New Mexico over spilt coffee is one of the lawsuits I am referring to.From what I recall of this lawsuit as told by my employer, the customer in New Mexico came through the drive thru and ordered a cup of coffee as part of their order. As they departed out of the drive thru, the coffee spilt on the customer’s lap, causing third degree burns. I don’t know how much the medical bills of the customer were, but McDonaldâ₠¬â„¢s was sewed and the customer received a settlement from this lawsuit. As stated on Wikipedia, â€Å"ABC News called this lawsuit ‘the poster child of excessive lawsuits. † This is one of many examples of people sewing businesses over dumb stuff in my opinion. Who would want their coffee cold? That would more than likely lead to a complaint to the business. How it Affects My Current Occupation Business law is not the only law that affects my occupation, as I am in the military. I am also governed by the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ). The UCMJ predates the constitution. The UCMJ is contained in Title 10, sections 801 through 946. â€Å"Scribd†) The UCMJ includes a lot of items that are wrong in our society as well, but allows for additional punishments and disciplinary action in the military system. The legal advisors in the military are referred to as Judge Advocate General’s (JAG’s). Since I work in the personnel portion of the industr y, I deal with JAG’s on a regular basis. I have had to sit as a recorder on disciplinary boards, recording and listening to what goes on as Soldier’s are disciplined for their actions. Because of the UCMJ, Soldier’s could be disciplined twice depending on the nature of the incident.I recall when I was deployed to Afghanistan having to help process legal paperwork for my Battalion Commander as he had to discipline twelve Soldier’s in the first two weeks for violations of the UCMJ that occurred when these Soldier’s were in Hawaii because he was their first O5 in their chain at the time of the disciplinary action. This was a huge eye opener to me of what can happen when law and the UCMJ are violated. Conclusion As I have started to learn about Business Law and hear about court cases between people in society and businesses, I know how important it is in business to follow the law.In addition, it is also important to do your part as a citizen and busin essman to implement and enforce laws that govern you in your business and operations. References Scribd. (). Retrieved from http://www. scribd. com/doc/982597/The-History-of-the-Military-Justice-System Wikipedia. (). Retrieved from http://en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? title=Special%3ASearch&profile=default&search=business+law&fulltext=Search Wikipedia. (). Retrieved from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Liebeck_v. _McDonald's_Restaurants

Short on symbolism in Millers drama Death of a salesman

Short on symbolism in Millers drama Death of a salesman Many symbols are incorporated into the play 'Death of a Sales man' andthey in turn relate to both character and theme. The hose, tape recorderand the seeds are some of these symbols.The hose in Miller's drama directly relates to the theme of death.The hose is a line attached to the gas main in Willy's house which allowshim to snif f the gas. This action can be seen as Willy's suicide wish, andescape from the realities of life. As seen in the loss of his job and hisfailure to succeed. The hose also represents grief and deception. For whenLinda, Willy's wife, finds the hose, she is distraught over its in tendedpurpose. The deceptive nature of the hose is apparent when Willy isconfronted about it by Biff his son and Willy denies its existence. Asimilar denial is also evident when Willy is confronted with the taperecorder in Howard's office.Sony Tape RecorderThe tape recorder signifies the change in Willy's life throug h theadvancement of technology. It also represents the end of Willy's career.This is brought about when Howard, Willy's boss and godson, shows the taperecorder to Willy and appe ars to be more interested in the sound andtechnology of the machine instead of Willy, who i s fighting for his job.Howard no longer need s Willy's services and without concern fires him.This , to Willy, was like, 'eating the orange and throwing away the peel'.However, Willy is partly to blame, as he does not accept change and wantsto remain in the pas t. This is foreshadowed in the scene where Willy isleft alone with the tape recorder and is unable to shut it off. Willybelieves in using his old techniques...

The Red Badge Of Courage Essays - The Red Badge Of Courage

The Red Badge Of Courage Essays - The Red Badge Of Courage The Red Badge of Courage The Red Badge of Courage is now universally recognized as a masterpiece, although when it first appeared in book form in 1896 (two months later in England than in the United States) it provoked mixed reactions. The English critics, in fact, brought it to the attention of the American public, which had generally ignored it. Those early readers who approved saw in it a "true and complete picture of war," a book which "thrusts aside romantic machinery" in favor of dramatic action and photographic revelation. Its critics attacked it for what they considered its utter lack of literary form - its "absurd similes," "bad grammar," and "violent straining after effect." Edward Garnett, however, praised its "perfect mastery of form," and Conrad, who had known Crane, said in 1926 that The Red Badge of Courage was a "spontaneous piece of work which seems to spurt and flow like a tapped stream from the depths of the writer's being," and he found it "virile and full of gentle sympathy! " while it was happily marred by no "declamatory sentiments." Throughout the first four decades of the century the book was variously praised and condemned for its naturalism or "animalism," its realism and its extraordinary style. V. S. Pritchett, writing in 1946, may be said to represent the prevailing opinion when he declares that Crane's "verisimilitude," his grasp of "human feelings," and his "dramatic scenes and portraits" give The Red Badge of Courage a place in the literature of war. It is only in the forties that serious literary analysis of the book begins. It had of course long been recognized that novels such as Zola's La Debacle and Tolstoy's Sevastopol and War and Peace had had some influence on Crane, and that he had made use of Battles and Leaders of the Civil War (which had first appeared serially in the Century Magazine) as well as accounts of particular campaigns; his brother William, for one thing, was an expert on the strategy of the Battle of Chancellorsville, and there are many parallels with this battle to be found in The Red Badge. But scholars like Pratt, Webster, Osborn, and Stallman began to call attention to the possible role played by less significant factors, like Crane's personal acquaintance with General Van Petten, an instructor at Claverack College, who might have provided him with a first-hand account of the Battle of Antietam. Crane may also have derived some less important conceptions from Civil War potboilers like Hinman's C! orporal Si Klegg or Kirkland's The Captain of Company K. Although Crane himself acknowledged an early influence by Kipling's novels, it was S. C. Osborn who pointed out that the famous "red wafer" image at the close of Chapter 9 probably had its source in Kipling's The Light That Failed, and who thereby inaugurated a discussion (maintained chiefly by R. W. Stallman) about the meaning of this image. The "wafer" may be a wax sealing wafer or it may be, as Stallman suggests, an allusion to the Christian communion wafer, but it lies at the center of the controversy concerning the alleged Christian symbolism of the novel. Discussions of the structure and total meaning of the novel date from about 1950. John Schroeder believes that Crane has not achieved a successful accommodation of antithetical elements: "War as man- made blasphemy" is not "distinguishable from nature's pattern of serene wisdom"; and he feels that the "putting off of the Old Man [by the youth] . . . is largely a matter of accident." R. W. Stallman, on the other hand, asserts that a consistent, meaningful pattern unifies the story. The Red Badge "is about the self - combat of a youth who fears and stubbornly resists change and spiritual growth. . . . Henry's regeneration is brought about by the death of Jim Conklin." Psychological and mythic criticism of a book whose action centers mainly about a "wound" was perhaps inevitable, and Maxwell Geismar (1953) explains that "Fleming's shame at his psychic wound . . . led him to yearn for the physical wound." The basic pattern of the narrative conforms to that of "acceptance after a t! rial by ordeal." Geismar further sees this as all a reflection of

Differences Between Bacteria and Viruses

Differences Between Bacteria and Viruses Bacteria and viruses are both microscopic organisms that can cause disease in humans. While these microbes may have some characteristics in common, they are also very different. Bacteria are typically much larger than viruses and can be viewed under a light microscope. Viruses are about 1,000 times smaller than bacteria and are visible under an electron microscope. Bacteria are single-celled organisms that reproduce asexually independently of other organisms. Viruses require the aid of a living cell in order to reproduce. Where They Are Found Bacteria: Bacteria live almost anywhere including within other organisms, on other organisms, and on inorganic surfaces. They infect eukaryotic organisms such as animals, plants, and fungi. Some bacteria are considered to be extremophiles and can survive in extremely harsh environments such as hydrothermal vents and in the stomachs of animals and humans.Viruses: Much like bacteria, viruses can be found in almost any environment. They are pathogens that infect prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms including animals, plants, bacteria, and archaeans. Viruses that infect extremophiles such as archaeans have genetic adaptations that enable them to survive harsh environmental conditions (hydrothermal vents, sulphuric waters, etc.). Viruses can persist on surfaces and on objects we use every day for varying lengths of time (from seconds to years) depending on the type of virus. Bacterial and Viral Structure Bacteria: Bacteria are prokaryotic cells that display all of the characteristics of living organisms. Bacterial cells contain organelles and DNA that are immersed within the cytoplasm and surrounded by a cell wall. These organelles perform vital functions that enable bacteria to obtain energy from the environment and to reproduce.Viruses: Viruses are not considered cells but exist as particles of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) encased within a protein shell. Some viruses have an additional membrane called an envelope that is composed of phospholipids and proteins obtained from the cell membrane of a previously infected host cell. This envelope helps the virus enter a new cell by fusion with the cells membrane and helps it exit by budding. non-enveloped viruses typically enter a cell by endocytosis and exit by exocytosis or cell lysis.Also known as virions, virus particles exist somewhere between living and non-living organisms. While they contain genetic material, they dont have a cell wa ll or organelles necessary for energy production and reproduction. Viruses rely solely on a host for replication. Size and Shape Bacteria: Bacteria can be found in a variety of shapes and sizes. Common bacterial cell shapes include cocci (spherical), bacilli (rod-shaped), spiral, and vibrio. Bacteria typically range in size from 200-1000 nanometers (a nanometer is 1 billionth of a meter) in diameter. The largest bacterial cells are visible with the naked eye. Considered the worlds largest bacteria, Thiomargarita namibiensis can reach up to 750,000 nanometers (0.75 millimeters) in diameter.Viruses: The size and shape of viruses are determined by the amount of nucleic acid and proteins they contain. Viruses typically have spherical (polyhedral), rod-shaped, or helically shaped capsids. Some viruses, such as bacteriophages, have complex shapes which include the addition of a protein tail attached to the capsid with tail fibers extending from the tail. Viruses are much smaller than bacteria. They generally range in size from 20-400 nanometers in diameter. The largest viruses known, the pandoraviruses, are about 10 00 nanometers or a full micrometer in size. How They Reproduce Bacteria: Bacteria commonly reproduce asexually by a process known as binary fission. In this process, a single cell replicates and divides into two identical daughter cells. Under proper conditions, bacteria can experience exponential growth.Viruses: Unlike bacteria, viruses can only replicate with the aid of a host cell. Since viruses dont have the organelles necessary for the reproduction of viral components, they must use the host cells organelles to replicate. In viral replication, the virus injects its genetic material (DNA or RNA) into a cell. Viral genes are replicated and provide the instructions for the building of viral components. Once the components are assembled and the newly formed viruses mature, they break open the cell and move on to infect other cells. Diseases Caused by Bacteria and Viruses Bacteria: While most bacteria are harmless and some are even beneficial to humans, other bacteria are capable of causing disease. Pathogenic bacteria that cause disease produce toxins that destroy cells. They can cause food poisoning and other serious illnesses including meningitis, pneumonia, and tuberculosis. Bacterial infections can be treated with antibiotics, which are very effective at killing bacteria. Due to the overuse of antibiotics however, some bacteria (E.coli and MRSA) have gained resistance to them. Some have even become known as superbugs as they have gained resistance to multiple antibiotics. Vaccines are also useful in preventing the spread of bacterial diseases. The best way to protect yourself from bacteria and other germs is to properly wash and dry your hands often.Viruses: Viruses are pathogens that cause a range of diseases including chickenpox, the flu, rabies, Ebola virus disease, Zika disease, and HIV/AIDS. Viruses can cause persistent infections in which t hey go dormant and can be reactivated at a later time. Some viruses can cause changes within host cells that result in the development of cancer. These cancer viruses are known to cause cancers such as liver cancer, cervical cancer, and Burkitts lymphoma. Antibiotics do not work against viruses. Treatment for viral infections typically involve medicines that treat the symptoms of an infection and not the virus itself. Antiviral drugs are used to treat some types of viral infections. Typically the hosts immune system is relied upon to fight off viruses. Vaccines can also be used to prevent viral infections. Differences Between Bacteria and Viruses Chart Bacteria Viruses Cell Type Prokaryotic Cells Acellular (not cells) Size 200-1000 nanometers 20-400 nanometers Structure Organelles and DNA within a cell wall DNA or RNA within a capsid, some have an envelope membrane Cells They Infect Animal, Plant, Fungi Animal, Plant, Protozoa, Fungi, Bacteria, Archaea Reproduction Binary fission Rely on host cell Examples E.coli, Salmonella, Listeria, Mycobacteria, Staphylococcus, Bacillus anthracis Influenza viruses, Chickenpox viruses, HIV, Polio virus, Ebola virus Diseases Caused Tuberculosis, Food poisoning, Flesh-eating disease, Meningococcal meningitis, Anthrax Chickenpox, polio, flu, measles, rabies, AIDS Treatment Antibiotics Antiviral drugs

Milk Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Milk - Essay Example There are many alternative drinks today including soda, juice and yoghurt, among others, hence affecting the consumption of fluid milk. This commercial begins with a small African American girl sitted on a supermarket cart. While drinking juice, she is approached by a stranger who is an African American woman. The stranger appears physically unhealthy and tired. She tells the young girl that she is her from the future. The girl gives her a rather disappointed look. The stranger gives the girl a packet of milk before she magically transforms into an athlete with a healthy look. She asks the girl to keep drinking the milk. She then races with two other athletes and emerges the winner. Later, an older African American woman is seen next to the girl grabbing many milk packets and putting them in her cart. The audience of this commercial is specifically parents, young people, and children. This is because the commercial features people of different ages. A young girl, an elderly woman, and young ladies. This could possibly mean that fluid milk is beneficial to people of all ages. There are different words that are said in this commercial, which are of great importance. When the strange African American woman approaches the young girl, she tells her that she is her (the young girl) from the future. This strange woman appears unhealthy and tired, and at this moment, the young girl was drinking juice. These words probably meant that drinking juices alone and not milk will not make the young girl grow to become healthy and energetic in future. She will appear weak as the strange woman. The young girl answered, â€Å"You are me?† with a disappointed look. This shows that everyone wants or desires to be healthy and energetic in future. Hence the young girl did not like the unhealthy appearance of the stranger. From this commercial, the health benefits of fluid milk are unveiled at the point where the

Organizational Design, Culture, and Adaptation (CASE) Module 2 Essay

Organizational Design, Culture, and Adaptation (CASE) Module 2 - Essay Example The CARE program was created in 2005 by Martha Holden. The program was created at the Cornell University Family Life Development Center (CUFLDC). The program was tested and adapted by the Waterford Country School. The structure and model of the program can be compared to the Therapeutic Crisis Intervention model of 1994 also adapted from CUFLDC. The core focus of the program is to improve organizational support and leadership competencies. Additionally, the program aims at enhancing consistency within and across the care staff with relation to how they respond to, react to, and think about the needs of the children within their care setting. The program is created upon the theory of change which states that staff is viable in handling children issues if it’s able to improve its understanding about child development issues caused by trauma. The implementation of the CARE program will resolve the issues mentioned in question one through (1) creating room for children to relate and connect with their surrounding better – e.g. creating attachments with parents, (2) building skills and reliability in children both at home at within the care setting, (3) focusing on the issues that affect the development of children based on their trauma history, (4) creating teamwork between care providers and children’s families in care and treatment provision, and (5) creating more opportunities in the provision of child care within the environment. The resolution of these issues shows that the program aims at drawing all stakeholders of a child’s life close together for the benefit of the child. For instance, a child traumatic history can be a result of family issues that a care provider may not be able to understand fully from the child’s behavior or anti-social tendencies (Holden, 2009). If I were the program manager for the CARE program, one among the highly regarded competencies of

Managing hospitality resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing hospitality resources - Essay Example This paper takes a glance at the factors which influenced at the survival and economic prosperity of the hotel industry: the availability of leisure time for people and the possession of a high disposable income by them. This is so because; most people will go to the hotels after they have serviced the domestic needs and remain with extra disposable income, which they can use for leisure, recreation, and entertainment. Without ample leisure time however, it is difficult for them to attend to such activities. Since the industry mostly offers food service and accommodation, competition in this field is inevitable. With the advances in technology witnessed of late, the industry can take the advantage of these advances to obtain a competitive edge over its competitors. Technology can therefore be used in the industry to improve operational efficiencies, afford the hotel guests enhanced and quality services, and increase the income earned by the hotels. The pace and rate at which technolo gy is changing is too high, so that it leaves the whole industry confused in the right technology to adopt. Since a technology considered superior today might be found redundant after a few months or years, the industry has a difficult time deciding on which ones to incorporate into their systems. Thus, the choice of appropriate technology for the hotel industry is a paramount issue. Technology can support the management of the hotel industry through many ways. It can be used to enhance the guest experience, an aspect that will allow them visit the hotel again or recommend others to the same facility. This way, technology can be used to enhance customer services, through creating avenues that will enhance faster check- ins and check-outs, allow a timely response to any of the customer requests and enhance their stay environment through a range of entertainment and recreation activities (Bentley, 2005 p66). The other way in which technology can support the management of the hotel ind ustry is in improving the operational efficiencies. This can be achieved through applying technology to reduce the administrative requirements, lean the staff requirement in the facility to sizeable and manageable level, and enhance the cross-functional training. Technology can also be used to centralize most of the functions of the hotel, so that they are operated from a centralized locality, while at the same time enable the management of the hotel to distribute widely its services to the point of easy access by their clients. Since customer expectations as to the services they should receive from the hotel industry are increasing by the day, incorporation of appropriate technology can enhance the possibility of meeting their requirements. Presently, customers expect to be served within the least time possible when they enter into a hotel facility. In such a case, the incorporation of advanced technology that will be used to communicate the requirements of the customers from the r eception department to the kitchen and lodging department will go a long way to ensure that customers are not delayed (Lew, 2008 p412). Management can also use technology to enhance their cost control functions. Appropriate technology such as a system to procure, order, receive and store raw materials and other products required by the hotel facility can serve to reduce the cost incurrence by the hotel (Patrick, 2010 p35). For example, if a hotel lacks a good stock control system, it is likely to find itself lacking some materials while they are highly demanded. This would mean that the hotel would fail to meet their customer needs and consequently lose their loyalty and goodwill. If a hotel facility incorporates a good stock

Public schools of Washington DC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Public schools of Washington DC - Essay Example It has three major objectives: Objective 1 The first objective is to ensure development of effective leadership within the development team of the program which would comprise of members from Woodson Foundation, Public School and NCPIE. Each organization has diverse interests but is united in its goal of improving students’ academic performance and learning. The leader should be able to motivate team members to develop common goals and collective decision making. The leadership therefore, becomes a major element that is able to empower members to make decisions based on informed choices and encourages cross cultural understanding and mutual respect. It thereby, exploits personal traits of the team members for optimal performance outcome. Objective 2 Teams perform best when adequate resources line finance, infrastructure, skill etc are available to them. Hence, leaders must ensure availability of resources. In this case, he must create two steering committees: one would oversee development of educational leaders, training and development and teaching curricula; the second would help to ensure management of the program vis-a-vis meet the financial and infrastructural need of the program. The team members should be judiciously selected so that team has technical expertise and managerial skill to identify problems and evolve solutions through mutual consensus.

Heat and mass transfer calculation for carbon capture pilot plant Assignment

Heat and mass transfer calculation for carbon capture pilot plant - Assignment Example The calculations show that with increase in the flow rate of both streams the temperature drop of the hot stream increased steadily. On the other hand, the temperature rise of the cold stream decreased substantially. The clear jacket allowed the observation that the jacket was continuously full at all times and because neither stream had any color, it was not possible to notice whether the turbulence of the two streams changed at all. In future experiments it might be a good idea to introduce a small stream of dye into both streams to observe turbulence. However, this would lead to a change in the mass flow rate and more importantly in the specific heat capacity, which would have to be accounted for in subsequent calculations. Important findings of this experiment are that the thermal efficiency of the plate and frame heat exchanger is better than that of the concentric tube heat exchanger and secondly, with the increase in flow rate the efficiency improved only marginally. This is perhaps because with the multiple pass arrangement where the two streams changed direction frequently an element of turbulence was already present that did not change much with the change in flow rates. However, the observations taken are too few to arrive at this conclusion with confidence. Important findings of this experiment are that the thermal efficiency of the plate and frame heat exchanger is comparable to that of the concentric tube heat exchanger but lower than that of the plate and frame heat exchanger. Secondly, with the increase in flow rate of the cold stream the efficiency improved marginally. In this case again, the conclusion can be that the design allows for introducing greater turbulence in the shell-side stream through the baffles

Action Assignment#3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Action #3 - Assignment Example I appreciate the support and encouragement that you have given and shown to me throughout my studies and I am truly grateful for that. The University here is great and I am learning a great deal in my classes. Thank you for always being there for me, and I promise to do my best to make my life better and also help you back at home. That is what I pray for and i will make it happen for us. My regards to you father. As a leader, if I was to receive this kind of letter I would be privileged and thankful to know that I helped someone to a point where they could be able to help themselves. I would be privileged to have impacted someone in their lives and to see them progress well. Written communication is important because it has a touching and lasting impact for both parties. Written communication tends to be a primary source that someone can use to speak what is deeply rooted in their heart. It exposes what we feel to the receiving party. 3. Create a concise (200-300 words) elevator/introduction statement that you can utilize in a variety of leadership situations (networking, interviews, etc.). Make sure to personalize your statement so that you connect most effectively with the individual you are networking with during that time. Remember, your elevator statement is a representation of your professional presence and "brand." My name is Mram. I have a Bachelor of Arts degree in psychology. I have worked in an administrative position at the New Horizons educational institution. This position motivated me to want and accept a scholarship to study for my master’s degree in leadership at the University in the United States. During my work period at New Horizon’s educational institution, I managed to gain a lot of hands on experience and practical leadership skills that improved my administrative leadership gear. At the same point in time I also managed to work extra hours just to ensure that my work outcome was top level with the stated

Heat and mass transfer calculation for carbon capture pilot plant Assignment

Heat and mass transfer calculation for carbon capture pilot plant - Assignment Example The calculations show that with increase in the flow rate of both streams the temperature drop of the hot stream increased steadily. On the other hand, the temperature rise of the cold stream decreased substantially. The clear jacket allowed the observation that the jacket was continuously full at all times and because neither stream had any color, it was not possible to notice whether the turbulence of the two streams changed at all. In future experiments it might be a good idea to introduce a small stream of dye into both streams to observe turbulence. However, this would lead to a change in the mass flow rate and more importantly in the specific heat capacity, which would have to be accounted for in subsequent calculations. Important findings of this experiment are that the thermal efficiency of the plate and frame heat exchanger is better than that of the concentric tube heat exchanger and secondly, with the increase in flow rate the efficiency improved only marginally. This is perhaps because with the multiple pass arrangement where the two streams changed direction frequently an element of turbulence was already present that did not change much with the change in flow rates. However, the observations taken are too few to arrive at this conclusion with confidence. Important findings of this experiment are that the thermal efficiency of the plate and frame heat exchanger is comparable to that of the concentric tube heat exchanger but lower than that of the plate and frame heat exchanger. Secondly, with the increase in flow rate of the cold stream the efficiency improved marginally. In this case again, the conclusion can be that the design allows for introducing greater turbulence in the shell-side stream through the baffles

Visitation to a Womans Health Facility Assignment

Visitation to a Womans Health Facility - Assignment Example It also offers sex education to these women. Planned Parenthood has an experience of more than 100 years in promoting the health and well being of women (Parenthood, 2014). Furthermore, it is guided by the principle that everybody has a right and duty to make an independent and informed decision about family planning, sex, and their health. Boro Hall Centre is part of the Planned Parenthood clinics. The vision of the health care organization is to help people make informed decisions about their sexuality, family planning, and health care. Most of its target customers are women. Because the health care organization operates in virtually all the states of America, serving a diverse community, the following are the mission of the health care organization (Johnson and Lambert, 2010), The main leaders of the organization are women. The Chairman of the entire organization is Alexis McGill Johnson. She has extensive experience in the fields of academia, social activism, and politics. She greatly understands the opportunities and challenges that Planned Parenthood faces, as a health care institution, and fundraising organization. She has an interest in improving the lives of young women. This is by making it possible for them to have an access to quality and affordable health care. Ms Cecile Richards is the head of the organization, and she is responsible for rolling out programs aimed at catering for the health care needs of women (Johnson and Lambert, 2010). Most of the visitors at the Boro Hall are women, and teenage girls. The Boro Hall facility gives advice to women on the better family planning services available to them. The organization further carries out pregnancy tests, and it has delivery units, where pregnant women are allowed to deliver. This center also provides educational services. This is with the aim of teaching teens and young women on relationships, sex, and sexuality (Johnson and

Shooting an Elephant Literary Analysis Essay Example for Free

Shooting an Elephant Literary Analysis Essay George Orwell’s 1930 short story â€Å"Shooting an Elephant,† demonstrates the total dangers of the unlimited authority a state has and the astounding presentment of â€Å"future dystopia†. In the story, Orwell finds himself to be in an intricate situation that involves an elephant. Not only does the fate of the elephant’s life lie in Orwell’s hands, he has an audience of people behind him cheering him on, making his decision much more difficult to make. Due to the vast crowd surrounding his thoughts, Orwell kills the elephant in the end, not wanting to disappoint the people of Burma. Orwell captures the hearts of readers by revealing the struggles he has while dealing with the burden of his own beliefs and morals. Orwell’s story connects with the readers because they understand the emotions and stress one can have before making a tough decision, as well as fretting about being judged at the same time. In the beginning of his story, Orwell illustrates his position as a hated police officer. He was consistently insulted and despised by the Burmese people. The locals were always treating him poorly, but he always did his job and kept in mind their best interest. He was already somewhat of a leader in this town because of his position, but now that there is the situation with a ravaging elephant in the town, he is forced to step up and take control of the elephant. â€Å"Being the white ‘leader’, he should have been able to make an independent decision, but was influenced by the ‘natives’† (Orwell 101). Orwell has this immense pressure building up over this decision, and his emotions as â€Å"Here I was the white man with his gun, standing in front of the unarmed crowd-seemingly the leading actor of the piece; but in reality I was only an absurd puppet pushed to and fro by the will of those yellow faces behind† (101). Majority of the people in the world have been faced with a situation similar to this, taking responsibility of something that can be life changing. As Orwell demonstrates the chaos that was going on in Burma, readers can sense the feelings of what the locals are dealing with. As Orwell walks through the town to find the disasters the elephant made, he encounters the horrific scene of a dead man’s body. The elephant, which can be symbolized as a dangerous threat, imposes on the little town and deteriorates some of the Burmese foods and goods. Not only was the animal an escapee, it was also in â€Å"must†, meaning an increase in the level of aggressive behavior due to testosterone levels being high, causing the elephant to be more dangerous than ever. Because of the actions that the elephant had made, the Burmese people wanted the elephant dead under any circumstances. Feeling bad for the owner of the savaged animal, Orwell had to weigh out his options of killing the elephant. Thomas Bertonneau states, â€Å"But the elephant, of course, is well-known for its high level of intelligence, a fact which raises it out of the merely animal category; and the social structure of Burmese society under the British tends to underscore such quasi-human status. The animal is a working animal and to do work is to engage in a recognizably social activity; the animal belongs, as Orwell later discloses, to an Indian, a person below the British in the local hierarchy but above the Burmese, a person of some wealth, for the elephant is the equivalent of â€Å"a huge and costly piece of machinery† in the local economy (par. 4). Orwell recognizes the facts from both sides of this situation: (1) the elephant should be killed because of its’ violent actions, making the townspeople happy, or (2) waiting for the man who owns the elephant to get there to capture it safely and let it live. As he takes in the opinions of others, he believes he should wait for the Indian man to get there; therefore the elephant is worth much more alive than if it were dead. As the ending of the story draws to a near, Orwell is looked upon as a â€Å"hero† in the story. As he grabs the gun, the crowd roars with excitement and the fate of the elephant lies in his hands. With much regret, he shoots the elephant several times, but never actually ends his misery. Orwell takes his interpretation of storytelling to a whole new level. During Orwell’s time in Burma, he was exposed to several unethical situations, causing him to make a decision that questions his beliefs and morals. He made sure that the reader was involved into the dilemma and mindset of his world he lived in. The story is told from the experiences that Orwell had, giving his story a little more of an edge and captures the attentiveness of wanting to know more. He told the story as if it was happening to him again, allowing the reader to relive the moments as he did back then. It brought it all back to his morals, and doing what he thought was right to do.

Integrated Pests Management: A Safe Alternative to Hazardous Pesticide

Integrated Pests Management: A Safe Alternative to Hazardous Pesticides       The well being of our everyday day lives are affected by the agriculture industry.   For many years now we have been using pesticides to control the pest population in our crops.   Over the years research has shown that pesticides can cause fatal diseases like cancer.   Pests are also becoming resistant to pesticides.   It is time that we find a new way to rid of pests.   A program called the Integrated Pests Management is doing so and many growers have begun to use their tactics. Pesticides have been known to cause a number of diseases in humans as well as animals.   The most vulnerable to these diseases and side effects are infants.   Pesticides effect infants the most because the structures of their body systems are not fully developed.   Parents don’t use adult doses of drugs to their children. In contrast, the EPA allows infants and children to eat adult approved doses of pesticides that have not been evaluated in terms of safety for infants and young children.   Infants and children react differently to many drugs and toxic substances.   An example of this is Aspirin.   Aspirin can cause Reyes syndrome (a condition that kills 80 percent of its victims) in children and teenagers, but it does not cause this condition in adults (Cook, 2). Children are at the greatest risk to pesticides.   The national Cancer Institute USA found an increase risk of leukemia in children whose parents used pesticides in the home garden.   Children are commonly exposed to hundreds of pesticides in food, meanwhile, the incidence rate of childhood brain cancer and childhood leukemia continues to rise (Ries, 93).   â€Å"The reason that children are at risk the most is because ever... ...th. Pesticides in Food, Environmental Working Group,   http://www.ewg.org/pub/home/reports/Baby-food/Baby.html Elkins, E.R. Effect of commercial processing on pesticide residues in selected fruits and vegetables. Journal of the Associated of Official Analytical Chemists, 1989 Ries, L., et al.1993. Cancer in Children, SEER Cancer Statistics Review. U.S. Department   of Health and Human and Human Sevices. Washington, D.C. 1990 Sorensen, A. Proceedings of the National Integrated Pest Management Forum, June 17-19,   1992. American Farmland Trust Center for Agriculture in the Environment.   Arlington, VA, 1992 United States Environmental Protection Agency: Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic   Substances, For Your Information: EPA Efforts to Encourage Alternatives   To Traditional Chemical Pest Control, Washington, D.C., March 1993            

Evolving Antibodies Essay -- Biology

missing diagram Evolving Antibodies The immune system is an elegant system of defense against foreign invaders. It is able to successfully recognize and distinguish between thousands of different antigens. How is such complete recognition possible considering all the various structures foreign bodies may possess? How does the body produce antibodies specific enough to counter so many different pathogens? That is the subject of the recent research article, â€Å"Structural Insights into the Evolution of an Antibody Combining Site† (published in Science) by Gary J. Wedemayer, Phillip A. Patten, Leo H. Wang, Peter G. Schultz, and Raymond C. Stevens. This paper is dedicated to exploring and explaining (in lay terms), the research presented within this paper. To continue with the exploration, click on the forward arrow at the bottom of this page. To go to any point in the site instantly, click on the links at the bottom of the page. To return to the BLC homepage click on the backward arrow at the bottom of this page or on the link â€Å"BLC† at the bottom of the page. Words in orange represent glossary terms which may be looked up by clicking on the â€Å"Glossary† link at the bottom of the page. Words in yellow represent links to other pages within this site, while words in bright blue represent external links. As soon as a foreign molecule enters the human body, the immune system immediately takes over. The foreign body, also known as an antigen, can be anything from a harmless macromolecule to an infectious agent. The body sends B-cells with surface receptor proteins, known as antibodies, to bind to the antigens with the hope of inducing a specific immune response (see diagram below). Each B-cell has surface ... ...t. The binding potential of a specific antibody is greatly expanded by the ability of germ line antibodies to undergo further mutation and adopt more than one combining-site configuration. The results imply that there is an entirely new level of antigen recognition that takes place after the germ line antibody has bound to its antigen, and that this new level of recognition significantly increases the binding potential and effectiveness of the antibody. * References Wedmayer, Gary J., Phillup A. Pattern, Leo H. Wang, Peter G. Schultz, and Raymond C. Stevens. â€Å"Structural Insights into the Evolution of an Antibody Combining Site.† Science 13 June 1997: 166-1669. Raven, Peter H., and George B. Johnson. Biology: Fourth Edition. Dubuque, IA: Wm. C. Publishers, 1996. Kuby, Janis. Immunology: Second Edition. New York: W.H. Freedman and Company, 1994.

Prosecuting Arguments

Prosecuting Arguments A prosecutor's duty is to defer and produce evidence of the crime at hand to the judge and jury so that they can decide an appropriate sentence. According to the case of State v. Stu Dents, there are several charges against the defendant which range from moderate to severe. These charges include homicide, assault of a police officer, kidnapping, burglary, and crimes related to drugs. The prosecution must attempt to provide accurate evidence to prove the charges against Stu Dents.During this trial, the prosecution will evaluate the laws and statutes of Hawaii, Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania to determine which state the case is the strongest. The prosecution will examine each of these states thoroughly to provide a better understanding of the charges, which will provide a guideline in determining the best sentencing alternatives. Facts and Elements The prosecution must establish the facts and elements of each crime to prove a defendant's guil t. The elements of crime are the basic components of the crime, and the essential features of that crime specified by law or statute.These elements include actus reus, mens rea, and a concurrence of the two. To convict the defendant of a particular crime, the prosecution must establish that each of the required elements are present in the facts to prove criminal liability (Schmalleger, Hall, & Dolatowski, 2010). In the case of State v. Stu Dents, the prosecution must establish the facts and elements of the charges for homicide, assault of a police officer, kidnapping, burglary, and crimes related to drugs. For the charge of homicide, all of the required elements are present in the facts of the case.The journal entries discussing the purchase of rope, rags, and a sharp hunting knife â€Å"to fulfill [his] destiny† prove mens rea. Actus reus is proven in the evidence that the victim was found with cloth stuffed in her mouth, arms and legs tied with rope restraints, and stabbed to death. The defendant's intent to commit the crime is proven by the journal entries, and the proof that he engaged in the criminal conduct is evident in the gagging, restraining, and stabbing death of the victim (University of Phoenix, n. d. ).For the charge of assault of a police officer, all of the required elements are present in the facts of the case. When police officers attempted to take him into custody, he was extremely agitated, irrational, combative, and screaming about the end of the world and aliens working in the police force, which proves mens rea. Actus reus is proven when the defendant punched the officer in the face while the officer attempted to handcuff him. The defendant's intent to cause bodily harm to the officer by punching him proves the presence of intent and conduct (University of Phoenix, n. . ). For the charge of kidnapping, all of the required elements are present in the facts of the case. Mens rea is proven from the evidence officers found in the defe ndant's home, which included a timeline of more than 300 photos of the victim in various locations and situations. It appears as if some photos were taken without the victim's knowledge. Actus reus is proven by the evidence of cuts and bruises found on the victim's body as well as skin particles under her fingernails, which signify a struggle prior to death.The DNA of the skin particles matched samples of the defendant's DNA. Therefore, the defendant's intent to seize unlawfully and carry away the victim by force, as indicated by the evidence of struggle, proves the presence of intent and conduct (University of Phoenix, n. d. ). For the charge of burglary, all of the required elements are present in the facts of the case. Mens rea is proven from witness testimony stating that the defendant entered the victim's apartment when she was not home, and there was no proof that he used a key.Actus reus is proven when a search of the defendant's home produced drugs and jewelry owned by the v ictim. The defendant's intent to enter the victim's residence unlawfully without permission for the purpose of committing a crime is proven by the theft of the victim's possessions (University of Phoenix, n. d. ). For the charge of crimes related to drugs, all of the elements are present in the facts of the case. Mens rea is proven when a search of the defendant's home produced various amounts of ecstasy, cocaine, and methamphetamines.Actus reus is proven by the presence of ecstasy, cocaine, and methamphetamines in the defendant's home, which is an act of possession. The defendant knowingly possessing the drugs coexists with the act of possessing the drugs (University of Phoenix, n. d. ). State Laws In Hawaii, homicide occurs when a person intentionally or knowingly causes the death of another person, and it is considered murder in the first degree. The crime of homicide with more than one victim or an inmate killing his or her cellmate is considered first degree murder, and homicid e of an officer of the law is considered a felony murder.Murder in the first degree is a serious felony, and the defendant could face life in prison without parole because Hawaii does not have the death penalty (FindLaw, 2012). In Pennsylvania, assault of a police officer occurs when a person intentionally causes harm to an officer while on duty, such as fighting the officer to avoid arrest. If this incident causes the officer bodily harm, the crime is a second-degree misdemeanor. This will result in a sentence of up to five years in prison, and a fine of up to $3,000.If a person shoots and kills an officer on duty, the charge is assault in the first degree. The defendant could face a minimum of 20 years in prison or death for first-degree assault of a police officer (Justia, n. d. ). In North Carolina, kidnapping occurs when a person unlawfully restrains or keeps another person at any place without his or her permission. It is considered first degree kidnapping if the victim is not released in a safe place or is seriously injured. This charge is considered a Class C felony, and it carries up to 15 years imprisonment (North Carolina General Assembly, n. d. ).In Arkansas, residential burglary occurs when a person unlawfully enters and remains in a residential structure, and commits any offense punishable by imprisonment. This crime is considered a Class B felony. A defendant who is charged with this crime faces five to 10 years imprisonment, and a fine of up to $15,000 (Justia, n. d. ). In Virginia, crimes related to drugs include manufacturing, distributing, or possessing controlled substances with the intent to manufacture or distribute. A first offense under this statute carries a sentence of five to 40 years imprisonment, and a fine of up to $500,000.Second and subsequent offenses carry a sentence of five years to life imprisonment, and a fine of up to $500,000. It is considered a felony if a person manufactures, distributes, or possesses certain large amou nts of controlled substances. A felony conviction carries a sentence of five years to life imprisonment, and a fine of up to $1 million (Laws. com, 2011). Strongest State Case According to the information on the state laws and statutes, Hawaii would yield the strongest prosecution in the case of State v. Stu Dents. InHawaii, a conviction of homicide carries a sentence of life imprisonment without parole, which would keep the defendant away from society, and keep society safe from possible future offenses by the defendant. A conviction for assault of a police officer carries up to five years imprisonment. A conviction for kidnapping and drug crimes is a Class A felony, and it carries a term of up to life imprisonment with a fine of up to $50,000. A conviction of burglary is a Class B felony, and it carries a term of two to 20 years imprisonment with a fine of up to $25,000 (Nolo, 2012).If the defendant is found guilty of all charges in the state of Hawaii, he will spend the rest of h is life in prison as well as pay a large amount in fines, which is absolute justice for the victim. Conclusion Each state has different laws for each crime that a person commits and how that person is charged for the crime. The prosecution for each crime is strong for each of the states examined. No matter what the case is for a crime committed in any state, there is a law or statute available to charge a person for that crime.Regardless of the state the criminal trial proceeds in, the prosecution will have a strong case in the case of State v. Stu Dents. References FindLaw. (2012). Haw. Rev. Stat.  § 707-701 : Hawaii Statutes – Section 707-701: Murder in the first degree. Retrieved from http://codes. lp. findlaw. com/histatutes/5/37/707/II/707-701 Justia. (n. d. ). 2010 Arkansas Code  § 5-39-201 – Residential burglary — Commercial burglary. Retrieved from http://law. justia. com/codes/arkansas/2010/title-5/subtitle-4/chapter-39/ subchapter-2/5-39-201/ Justi a. (n. d. . 2010 Pennsylvania Code  § 2702. 1 – Assault of law enforcement officer. Retrieved from http://law. justia. com/codes/pennsylvania/2010/title-18/chapter-27/2702-1/ Laws. com. (2011). 18. 2-248 – Manufacturing, selling, giving, distributing, or possessing with intent to manufacture, sell, give, or distribute a controlled substance or an imitation controlled substance prohibited; penalties. Retrieved from http://statutes. laws. com/ virginia/title-18-2/chapter-7/18-2-248 Nolo. (2012). Hawaii Charges for Crimes by Felony Class. Retrieved from ttp://www. criminaldefenselawyer. com/resources/criminal-defense/felony-offense/ hawaii-felony-class. htm North Carolina General Assembly. (n. d. ). Article 10 – Kidnapping and Abduction. Retrieved from http://www. ncga. state. nc. us/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/PDF/ByArticle/Chapter_ 14/Article_10. pdf Schmalleger, F. , Hall, D. E. , & Dolatowski, J. J. (2010). Criminal law Today. (4th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. University of Phoenix. (n. d. ). State v. Stu Dents. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, CJA354 website.

Change in Male Role in the Home: 1960-Present

Change in Male Role in the Home: 1960-Present Traditionally the United States, along with the majority of the world has been a patriarchal society. The customary male role, specifically in relation to the home, has been the head of the household, the protector, and the provider. A male’s duty was unquestionably embodied in these three ideas, until the 1970’s. The growing feminist movement of that time began to question and displace these roles as solely belonging to a man, and the male role in society slowly began to shift.Instead of being the sole breadwinner for his home, families with two working parents have become increasingly more common. Women in the workforce have allowed father’s to spend more time at home with their children and helping out around the house. Over the last 50 years the male role has changed drastically, and while not all of the changes that have taken place are bad, the overall effect of these changes on society has been a negative one, creating a generation of fatherlessness, increased crime, and a general lack of respect for authority in any form.For generations it has been a man’s responsibility to provide for his family. Women were rarely even accepted into the workforce until after WWII. However, government encouragement for women to enter the labor force during the war, in combination with the rising feminist movement started a tidal wave movement of women pursuing higher education and careers. Women currently make up the majority of the workforce and 60% of all college graduates (Rosin). Donnalyn Pompper, a professor at Temple University, expands on this further in her article about the masculine gender role conflict theory.She explains that that after WWII, the increased female presence in the labor force â€Å"destabilized the breadwinner role as a basis for male identity, and now men must accept working wives and a more active parental role† (Pompper). And while it is true that the shift to equal opportunity in the workforce is almost universally agreed upon as a positive change, the balance and delicateness of the male psyche and ego are seldom taken into consideration. For many men, the ability to provide for one’s family is an integral part of the definition of masculinity.In interviews conducted by Dr. Pompper, when asked to individually define masculinity, a reoccurring theme in both the younger and older men interviewed was the ability to provide for one’s family. One of the young men interviewed said, â€Å"Being masculine means you are able to look at your wife and say ‘I got this’. To be able to look at your kids and say ‘I’ve got you’. That to me is the epitome of masculinity†¦being able, at the end of the day, to look at your family and say, ‘get on my back, I’ve got you the rest of the way’. Another man expressed similar feelings and said, â€Å"I think that every guy feels like itâ⠂¬â„¢s his place not to be the stay home Dad† (Pompper). Even in today’s forward thinking society, men are wired to be the provider. To take that role completely away is emasculating to him and leaves him feeling like he is unnecessary in the home. Although a family where, either both parents, or just the mother provide financially may be a little tough on the male ego, it is not detrimental. Provider is not the only established male role, protector and ‘head of the house’ are equally important to the equation.The traditional man of the 1960’s was indisputably the head of his home. There was a clear hierarchy, and while the husband and wife still often worked as a team, the culture of the time dictated that a man was undeniably in charge of his home, and his family. In many ways, this has been one of the most distinct changes between the 1960’s and 2012. Because men are no longer the sole breadwinner for their home, they are required to spend a larger portion of their time taking an active role in the home. No longer is the kitchen and house exclusively a woman’s domain, but rather shared by both parties.Men are expected to help out around the house and with the children, as much as women are. The idea of â€Å"team parenting† has evolved and taken root in today’s society, and has had excellent outcomes. Research has shown that children who are raised by two parents (a mother and a father specifically) have greater cognitive ability and success rates than children whose fathers are absent or uninvolved (Hofferth). This style of parents working together as a team to raise their children has been a great strategy, but looking at the big picture, it is shown that â€Å"Team parenting† has also unknowingly created some problems.Studies have shown that a child’s success throughout their life is largely dependent on the structure of their childhood (Hofferth). Given that men’s taking a more proactive role in the home and in the lives of their children is a good thing, the way that it has been approached has been problematic because it has undermined the hierarchy of the home. Similar to a man’s need to be the provider is the need to be the protector of his home. In addition, a man is not the only one who craves a distinctive hierarchy in the home, so do the children. According to Dr. David Bjorklund and Dr.Anthony Pellegrini, children need a clear authority figure. Often times by approaching parenting as a team and as equals, the mother and father undermine each other’s authority (Bjorklund, Pellegrini). Furthermore, without a specific and defined role, the position of father has been diminished as unimportant. For generations men have been noted as head of the house, and hailed for that important position. However, without that distinct role to play, it begins to seem like they’re participation is unnecessary as their wife is obviously much better suited to caring for and developing relationship with a child.These personal misgivings in combination with the media reinforcing the idea that the father role is superfluous, are huge contributors to why more and more fatherlessness is becoming the social epidemic of the generation (Pompper). This is an important issue that needs to be addressed, because Fathers are vital to the family unit. In their article about the role of fathers in children’s development, Amanda Quesenberry M. Ed. , Michaelene M. Ostrosky Ph. D. , and Robert Corso Ph. D. , note â€Å"Fathers are critical members of the family system who influence their children and their families in unique ways† (Quesenberry, Ostrosky, Corso).The article states that even in today’s society, father’s hold a huge amount of influence over society, enough that their presence and involvement is necessary to not only the success of the family as a unit, but also to the individual children. However, since the importance of fathers and fatherhood has not been stressed, and in fact the opposite has been emphasized, approximately one out of every 3 children does not have an active father or father figure in their lives (Hofferth). Acceptance and affection from a father or father figure is vital to a child’s cognitive development, and recent statistics how that behavioral problems among children, adolescents, and young adults with no active father in their lives are far greater than those of children living with both a father and a mother (Quesenberry, Ostrosky, Corso), and also tend to deal with one or more of the following issues: personality and psychological adjustment problems, behavioral problems (including aggression towards people and animals, property destruction, deceitfulness, and theft), delinquency, and psychopathology (substance abuse, depression) (Rohner).The rate of violent crimes have gone up roughly 300% since the 1960’s, and of the juveniles who ha ve been incarcerated for serious crimes 70% of them have been raised with no real father figure. In addition, 70% of all girls who become pregnant were raised without fathers (Lykken). These alarming numbers demonstrate the profound effect a father can have on the development, and therefore future of a child. The final issue that has come out of male’s displacement from his traditional roles is a generation with no respect for authority. Teachers are having increasing difficulties with classroom control.Students no longer have it ingrained in them to respect their elders, and as a result don’t care what the teacher or the principal say. Because school is no longer a priority to students like this, the drop out rate has increased significantly, with just over half of all dropouts being fatherless (Lykken). In today’s economy, it is next to impossible to find a job without at least a high school diploma, and employers no longer have to put up with any employee who cannot do what they are told, because there is someone who would be happy to take their place who most likely has more experience or education and can do what they are told.To conclude, while equal opportunity is beneficial and has helped to move our society forward, it has also drastically changed the traditional male role. And while some of these changes are good ones, they unfortunately have had negative effects due to people’s ignorance of the possible consequences. For example, it is good that women have been able to pursue their goals and passions in the workforce, and it is good that men are able to help out more at home. However, what is not good is that men have become completely displaced from many of the roles that, to them, define them as men.The way their roles have changed has slowly and subconsciously emasculated and caused them to doubt their importance and purpose in the family unit, which in turn has led to a growing number of fatherless children, increased crime rate, and a lack of respect for any kind of authority. Works Cited Bjorklund, David F, and Anthony D. Pellegrini. â€Å"Child Development and Evolutionary Psychology. † Child Development. 71. 6 (2000): 1687-708. Print. 05 Mar. 2012 Hofferth, Sandra L. â€Å"Residential Father Family Type and Child Well-Being: Investment Versus Selection. † Demography. 43. 1 (2006): 53-77. Print. 03 Mar. 2012. Pompper, Donnalyn. Masculinities, the Metrosexual, and Media Images: Across Dimensions of Age and Ethnicity. † Sex Roles. 63 (2010): 9-10. Print. 05 Mar. 2012. Quesenberry, Amanda, Michaelene Ostrosky, and Robert Corso. â€Å"Skilled and Knowledgeable Caregivers: the Role of Fathers in Supporting Young Children's Development. † Young Exceptional Children. 10. 4 (2007): 11-19. Print. 05 Mar. 2012. Rohner, Ronald P. â€Å"Father Love and Child Development: History and Current Evidence. † Current Directions in Psychological Science. 7. 5 (1998): 157-161. Pr int. 03 Mar. 2012. Rosin, Hanna. â€Å"The End of Men. † July-Aug. 2010. The Atlantic. Web. 03 Mar. 2012. Change in Male Role in the Home: 1960-Present Change in Male Role in the Home: 1960-Present Traditionally the United States, along with the majority of the world has been a patriarchal society. The customary male role, specifically in relation to the home, has been the head of the household, the protector, and the provider. A male’s duty was unquestionably embodied in these three ideas, until the 1970’s. The growing feminist movement of that time began to question and displace these roles as solely belonging to a man, and the male role in society slowly began to shift.Instead of being the sole breadwinner for his home, families with two working parents have become increasingly more common. Women in the workforce have allowed father’s to spend more time at home with their children and helping out around the house. Over the last 50 years the male role has changed drastically, and while not all of the changes that have taken place are bad, the overall effect of these changes on society has been a negative one, creating a generation of fatherlessness, increased crime, and a general lack of respect for authority in any form.For generations it has been a man’s responsibility to provide for his family. Women were rarely even accepted into the workforce until after WWII. However, government encouragement for women to enter the labor force during the war, in combination with the rising feminist movement started a tidal wave movement of women pursuing higher education and careers. Women currently make up the majority of the workforce and 60% of all college graduates (Rosin). Donnalyn Pompper, a professor at Temple University, expands on this further in her article about the masculine gender role conflict theory.She explains that that after WWII, the increased female presence in the labor force â€Å"destabilized the breadwinner role as a basis for male identity, and now men must accept working wives and a more active parental role† (Pompper). And while it is true that the shift to equal opportunity in the workforce is almost universally agreed upon as a positive change, the balance and delicateness of the male psyche and ego are seldom taken into consideration. For many men, the ability to provide for one’s family is an integral part of the definition of masculinity.In interviews conducted by Dr. Pompper, when asked to individually define masculinity, a reoccurring theme in both the younger and older men interviewed was the ability to provide for one’s family. One of the young men interviewed said, â€Å"Being masculine means you are able to look at your wife and say ‘I got this’. To be able to look at your kids and say ‘I’ve got you’. That to me is the epitome of masculinity†¦being able, at the end of the day, to look at your family and say, ‘get on my back, I’ve got you the rest of the way’. Another man expressed similar feelings and said, â€Å"I think that every guy feels like itâ⠂¬â„¢s his place not to be the stay home Dad† (Pompper). Even in today’s forward thinking society, men are wired to be the provider. To take that role completely away is emasculating to him and leaves him feeling like he is unnecessary in the home. Although a family where, either both parents, or just the mother provide financially may be a little tough on the male ego, it is not detrimental. Provider is not the only established male role, protector and ‘head of the house’ are equally important to the equation.The traditional man of the 1960’s was indisputably the head of his home. There was a clear hierarchy, and while the husband and wife still often worked as a team, the culture of the time dictated that a man was undeniably in charge of his home, and his family. In many ways, this has been one of the most distinct changes between the 1960’s and 2012. Because men are no longer the sole breadwinner for their home, they are required to spend a larger portion of their time taking an active role in the home. No longer is the kitchen and house exclusively a woman’s domain, but rather shared by both parties.Men are expected to help out around the house and with the children, as much as women are. The idea of â€Å"team parenting† has evolved and taken root in today’s society, and has had excellent outcomes. Research has shown that children who are raised by two parents (a mother and a father specifically) have greater cognitive ability and success rates than children whose fathers are absent or uninvolved (Hofferth). This style of parents working together as a team to raise their children has been a great strategy, but looking at the big picture, it is shown that â€Å"Team parenting† has also unknowingly created some problems.Studies have shown that a child’s success throughout their life is largely dependent on the structure of their childhood (Hofferth). Given that men’s taking a more proactive role in the home and in the lives of their children is a good thing, the way that it has been approached has been problematic because it has undermined the hierarchy of the home. Similar to a man’s need to be the provider is the need to be the protector of his home. In addition, a man is not the only one who craves a distinctive hierarchy in the home, so do the children. According to Dr. David Bjorklund and Dr.Anthony Pellegrini, children need a clear authority figure. Often times by approaching parenting as a team and as equals, the mother and father undermine each other’s authority (Bjorklund, Pellegrini). Furthermore, without a specific and defined role, the position of father has been diminished as unimportant. For generations men have been noted as head of the house, and hailed for that important position. However, without that distinct role to play, it begins to seem like they’re participation is unnecessary as their wife is obviously much better suited to caring for and developing relationship with a child.These personal misgivings in combination with the media reinforcing the idea that the father role is superfluous, are huge contributors to why more and more fatherlessness is becoming the social epidemic of the generation (Pompper). This is an important issue that needs to be addressed, because Fathers are vital to the family unit. In their article about the role of fathers in children’s development, Amanda Quesenberry M. Ed. , Michaelene M. Ostrosky Ph. D. , and Robert Corso Ph. D. , note â€Å"Fathers are critical members of the family system who influence their children and their families in unique ways† (Quesenberry, Ostrosky, Corso).The article states that even in today’s society, father’s hold a huge amount of influence over society, enough that their presence and involvement is necessary to not only the success of the family as a unit, but also to the individual children. However, since the importance of fathers and fatherhood has not been stressed, and in fact the opposite has been emphasized, approximately one out of every 3 children does not have an active father or father figure in their lives (Hofferth). Acceptance and affection from a father or father figure is vital to a child’s cognitive development, and recent statistics how that behavioral problems among children, adolescents, and young adults with no active father in their lives are far greater than those of children living with both a father and a mother (Quesenberry, Ostrosky, Corso), and also tend to deal with one or more of the following issues: personality and psychological adjustment problems, behavioral problems (including aggression towards people and animals, property destruction, deceitfulness, and theft), delinquency, and psychopathology (substance abuse, depression) (Rohner).The rate of violent crimes have gone up roughly 300% since the 1960’s, and of the juveniles who ha ve been incarcerated for serious crimes 70% of them have been raised with no real father figure. In addition, 70% of all girls who become pregnant were raised without fathers (Lykken). These alarming numbers demonstrate the profound effect a father can have on the development, and therefore future of a child. The final issue that has come out of male’s displacement from his traditional roles is a generation with no respect for authority. Teachers are having increasing difficulties with classroom control.Students no longer have it ingrained in them to respect their elders, and as a result don’t care what the teacher or the principal say. Because school is no longer a priority to students like this, the drop out rate has increased significantly, with just over half of all dropouts being fatherless (Lykken). In today’s economy, it is next to impossible to find a job without at least a high school diploma, and employers no longer have to put up with any employee who cannot do what they are told, because there is someone who would be happy to take their place who most likely has more experience or education and can do what they are told.To conclude, while equal opportunity is beneficial and has helped to move our society forward, it has also drastically changed the traditional male role. And while some of these changes are good ones, they unfortunately have had negative effects due to people’s ignorance of the possible consequences. For example, it is good that women have been able to pursue their goals and passions in the workforce, and it is good that men are able to help out more at home. However, what is not good is that men have become completely displaced from many of the roles that, to them, define them as men.The way their roles have changed has slowly and subconsciously emasculated and caused them to doubt their importance and purpose in the family unit, which in turn has led to a growing number of fatherless children, increased crime rate, and a lack of respect for any kind of authority. Works Cited Bjorklund, David F, and Anthony D. Pellegrini. â€Å"Child Development and Evolutionary Psychology. † Child Development. 71. 6 (2000): 1687-708. Print. 05 Mar. 2012 Hofferth, Sandra L. â€Å"Residential Father Family Type and Child Well-Being: Investment Versus Selection. † Demography. 43. 1 (2006): 53-77. Print. 03 Mar. 2012. Pompper, Donnalyn. Masculinities, the Metrosexual, and Media Images: Across Dimensions of Age and Ethnicity. † Sex Roles. 63 (2010): 9-10. Print. 05 Mar. 2012. Quesenberry, Amanda, Michaelene Ostrosky, and Robert Corso. â€Å"Skilled and Knowledgeable Caregivers: the Role of Fathers in Supporting Young Children's Development. † Young Exceptional Children. 10. 4 (2007): 11-19. Print. 05 Mar. 2012. Rohner, Ronald P. â€Å"Father Love and Child Development: History and Current Evidence. † Current Directions in Psychological Science. 7. 5 (1998): 157-161. Pr int. 03 Mar. 2012. Rosin, Hanna. â€Å"The End of Men. † July-Aug. 2010. The Atlantic. Web. 03 Mar. 2012.

Why Should People Travel

Why should people travel? This Is the story of a woman, who traveled the world to find that the best place Is home. However, the Journeys took her across continents over Saracens. This story began when a little girl was sitting on her porch watching the pedestrians fleeting by. When suddenly a huge noise jolted her out of her day dreaming, and all she saw was a metal bird flying overheard. The noise made her shudder and she ran into the house screaming for her Dad.Running into his arms, with no words to express she stood holding on to his legs, While her dad was trying to question her about her Irrational fear. With sputtering words, she explained how a huge metal bird had flown over the house and the noise thundered the foundations of the house. Her dad let out a loud laughter noticing the innocence of his daughter. But it was actually just one of the airplanes from the nearby Air Force base conducting its drill.So he lifted her up in her arms, took her to the porch and pointed out to the airplane in the distance as it faded into the blue sky leaving a trail of white clouds. That was my first experience that initiated my need to fly and watch the world from up above. As I grew elder, the need to have a closer look at the world Imbibed In me a curiosity to travel. The world is a beautiful place, when looking at it with an unbiased view because one gets to see it in a pure way. One that has not been tainted with blood, pain and violent that once seen cannot be unseen.Here is what we have known over the ages, the world is made up of seven continents divided by Saracens. Every continent has its own set of cultures, traditions, nature, people and countries. Over the course of this essay, I am going to explain my perspective on world travel, while mentioning the tatty of countries that I had the opportunity to tread on. My first experience of traveling was when I was 9 years old. I went on a trip with my parent's to Malaysia. A country known for its tropical forests and its beautiful cities, it had always been the destination to visit.My experiences in Malaysia, though a little fudged in memory, have certain portions that cannot be erased. One of the most fascinating aspects was the culture of the people. It was a mixture of Influences by Muslim and Buddhist religions. It had colorful people on the streets, girls with flowers In their hair and askers In the streets selling their wares. The trip also Included a travel to Singapore. I was fascinated by the buildings and the zoological gardens that adorned the small city of Singapore.My perspective on this trip changed entirely about the people of South East Asia. Their kindness is something I got to experience on this trip. All through my teens I had the opportunity to visit the US a couple of times. Although I had lived In the US, this was a visit that would remind me about the beauty of Florida. I got to enjoy an enthralling experience, In the parks of Disney and universal Studios. My visit to the Sea World will remind me Shams the killer whale, this gave me awareness into the world inside the ocean, a subject that has fascinated me to this day.This trip showed me that a person can enjoy life even if one has to go to work every day. When I landed in Los Angels, the first thing I saw was the HOLLYWOOD sign. One that has been etched In my memory, the sign exudes movie royalty and puts a sparkle In my eye. The best part was the shopping In malls the size the lights and nice. The Sin City has the most fabulous energy that even though a person who don not gamble or drink will love. The next trip was a travel to the Middle East countries of Jordan, Syria, Lebanon and Egypt.Apart from the usual beauty of the land, the streets were littered with coffee and hookah shops. The shops were overcrowded with people every evening, gossiping about the day and laughter just filled the air. The people were hospitable which showed me the necessity of people in my life. The next trip I went to was Europe. It was a fascinating continent with historical buildings and beautiful rivers. I had the opportunity to visit the countries of France, Switzerland and Italy. The trip involved us getting in from one country to another, traveling on the train.The breathtaking scenery and the throngs of people in historical places were overwhelming. The people were perfectly dressed, while following to certain unwritten codes, which showed the value of discipline. Now that I am back in the US, I have learned to appreciate the beauty and character of people from different countries. Over the past year, I had the opportunity to travel through almost most of the states. The visit helped me to see the vast length and breadth of this country and its beauty. It is people who are made of a mixture of people from different cultures.No specific group can claim this country to be theirs, because the diversity of the people is what makes the country. One of the most important factors that travel i s necessary is because it opens one's eyes to the beautiful world. As a student, I had the opportunity to meet a lot of Americans, who because of their nonexistent travel had no idea about the countries of the world. This ignorance caused them to Judge people from other countries, and basing their opinion on news articles or television programs.I wondered how people did not know the culture and the location of Saudi Arabia. In most people minds, Saudi Arabia is a desert somewhere in the middle of the world, where people rode on camels sleep in tents, and had oil. Another factor about travel is, we live in cloistered communities and do not understand other communities that are based on centuries long traditions. This makes our mind narrow and does not give us a positive opinion about other people. Although the world has become a smaller place due to the advent of internet, the world is still a much better place in reality.